Botulinum toxin is a type of neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. It plays a role in suppressing the extracellular release of synaptic vesicles by acting on the nerve endings at the neuro ..
The level of aesthetic requirement in clinical practice has increased over the past decade, and this has made it necessary for dentists to explore this field in order to satisfy the existing demand in ..
One of the most important elements of pain management in dentistry is the capability to provide effective local Anesthesia. The local Anesthesia agents available today provide the practitioner wit ..
Surgical complications during or after dental surgery are occasionally encountered and, to some extent, are sometimes even inevitable. Many of the reported complications related to dental surgerie ..
An impacted tooth is a tooth that, for some reason, has been blocked from breaking through the gum. Sometimes a tooth may be only partially impacted, meaning it has started to breakthrough. Al ..
Treatment options of TMD can be complex, requiring both non-surgical and surgical care and could involve multiple specialties working together. Evaluation and treatment is time-intensive and requi ..
The assessment of patients with a history of signs and symptoms of TMD should be carried out with great caution. The clinician must always eliminate the patient’s pain and dysfunction before ini ..
TMDs can present with a multitude of signs and symptoms, which can sometimes be confusing to both the patient and clinician. In this course, we discuss recent advances in the etiology, diagnosis a ..
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) maintains normal functions such as mastication, speech, esthetics, and overall well being. And only through the knowledge of this joint, its anatomy, and function ..
Posterior atrophic maxilla with pneumatized sinus often challenges dental implant surgery. Sinus lift in order to augment the residual alveolar ridge height resulted in various sinus lift surgical tec ..
